See acz on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "en:Acheron"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of English Acheron",
"name": "clip"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of English Acheron with z as a placeholder.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 7 8 0 8 0 6 9 6 5 10 8 8 8 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 12 12 1 10 0 4 6 4 3 10 5 6 5 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 0 10 10 1 8 0 3 5 3 3 8 4 5 4 3 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 0 12 12 0 9 0 4 5 4 3 10 5 5 5 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 0 13 14 1 9 0 3 5 4 3 10 5 5 5 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Acheron."
],
"id": "en-acz-mul-symbol-zJOnIA8G",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Acheron."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Acheron terms"
}
]
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*ače",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "if anywhere",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "acz niegdzie",
"translation": "if anywhere",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "if true",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "acz zaprawdę",
"translation": "if true",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie^(transliteration, transcription), Krakow, page 14b:",
"text": "Acz my... chemi otrzymacz sbauene..., ny przes kogo gynszego ne mamy otrzymacz tego, gedno pres dar ducha svøtego",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
5
],
[
10,
13
],
[
35,
38
]
],
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1397], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume II, number 564, Pyzdry; Gniezno; Kościan:",
"text": "Swaczimi, acz sø kthore rani dani Maczeyewi a Yanowi, to se stalo za gich poczøthkem",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
33
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 138, 7, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Kamo od oblycza twego vczekø? Acz wstøpø na nebo, ty tamo ges; acz wstøpø do pekla, tu ty ges (si ascendero in coelum, tu illic es; si descendero in infernum, ades)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 364:",
"text": "Gego brath, acz od gednego oczczą, ma wzancz gego gymyenye po gego smyerczy",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzec, Warsaw, page 492:",
"text": "Acz negdze sicubi",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 88, 30, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Acz zaprawdø sinowe iego ostali sø zacona mego..., nawedzø w metle lychoti gich (si autem dereliquerint..., visitabo in virga iniquitates eorum)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introducing a real conditional; if"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-papQzpbJ",
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Masovia) introducing a real conditional; if"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 26, 5, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Acz (si) vstawø przeciwo mne grodi, ne bødze se bacz serce moie",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
55
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. post.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page XLV:",
"text": "Wyeza dokonana a myesszek wyproznyony czyny czleka, acz (sed) nyerichlo, ale barzo mąndrego",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at least"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-6SE3VqLm",
"links": [
[
"at least",
"at least"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) at least"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
],
[
32,
35
],
[
62,
65
],
[
76,
79
],
[
86,
89
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 7, 3–4, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Bosze moy, acz iesm vczinil to, acz iest lichota w moiu røku, acz iesm se wraczal odplaczaiøczim mne zla, doostoyno iest, bich spadl od mogich neprzy[a]czol prosznich (si feci istud, si est iniquitas in manibus meis, si reddidi retribuentibus mihi mala, decidam merito ab inimicis meis inanis)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"because"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-pRGu7rih",
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) because"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 12 12 1 10 0 4 6 4 3 10 5 6 5 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 0 13 14 1 9 0 3 5 4 3 10 5 5 5 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 26 31 1 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
],
[
21,
24
],
[
37,
40
],
[
52,
55
],
[
78,
81
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VII, page 561:",
"text": "Movyą acz... Myenyly acz... Przysagą acz... Pyssaly acz... Wysznaly szye ktho acz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
4
],
[
21,
24
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 18, 30:",
"text": "Racz my otpuszczycz, acz prosyø czyebye (ne quaeso... indigneris, domine, si loquar)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introduces an object clause; that"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-gJP9hTIX",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in) introduces an object clause; that"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 12 12 1 10 0 4 6 4 3 10 5 6 5 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 0 13 14 1 9 0 3 5 4 3 10 5 5 5 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 26 31 1 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
45
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 6:",
"text": "Nye ma ganyebnee any dzywne mnymano bicz, acz podlug myenyenya czassow obiczage a dzege lyvczke szą odmyenyayø (non debet reprehensibile nec mirum iudicari, si secundum temporum varietatem consuetudines et statuta humana varientur)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introduces a subject clause; that"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-DYgtpqTg",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) introduces a subject clause; that"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 43r:",
"text": "Dummodo alsz lang yesth thak acz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-conj-xvbE2kAR",
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "acz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*ače",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 0 27 31 1 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 26 31 1 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "acz jedno"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "acz nic ale"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczci"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczciby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkakole"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkole"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkoli"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkoliby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkolić"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkolwie"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczle"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczli"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczliby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczżeż"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "jedno acz"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "le acz"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
48
],
[
79,
82
],
[
94,
97
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 381:",
"text": "Kako wyele maya bycz przyszasznykow na nyem: acz gych mnyey nye moze bicz albo acz gych nye wyaczey trzebą kv wszelkyey rzeczy?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
40
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 88, 35, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Iednøø przisøgl iesm w swøtem moiem: acz Dawidem selszø?",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
43
]
],
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 79:",
"text": "Przyszla... vmarlego zona... y pythala, acz ona nye gest blysza kv dokazanyv",
"translation": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
63
]
],
"ref": "1872 [1402], Konstanty Małkowski, editor, Przegląd najdawniejszych pomników języka polskiego, page 119:",
"text": "Ya *chiczi thu otpoveczecz podle *møch listow papeskych, aczesz mi thi *moczon sandczicz o me prawo pape[s]ke",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"id": "en-acz-zlw-opl-particle-NwKEH1UE",
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:acz",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"acz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"acz"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"although, albeit"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-conj-9d3WUhKD",
"links": [
[
"although",
"although"
],
[
"albeit",
"albeit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) although, albeit"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aczkolwiek"
},
{
"word": "chociaż"
},
{
"word": "choć"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-conj-k19oMZ1P",
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) if"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jeśli"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 7 8 0 8 0 6 9 6 5 10 8 8 8 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"because"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-conj-pRGu7rih",
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) because"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ponieważ"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"or, either … or"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-conj-1OWnF~Jq",
"links": [
[
"or",
"or"
],
[
"either … or",
"either … or"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) or, either … or"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "albo"
},
{
"word": "bądź"
},
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and so"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-conj-hVEgxdNG",
"links": [
[
"so",
"so"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) and so"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a więc"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂ"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:acz",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"acz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"acz"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 7 8 0 8 0 6 9 6 5 10 8 8 8 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 12 12 1 10 0 4 6 4 3 10 5 6 5 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 12 8 7 21 12 12 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 12 8 7 21 12 12 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 12 8 7 21 11 12 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 10 7 6 19 15 16 15 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-particle-NwKEH1UE",
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczci"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczej"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolek"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aczkoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwie"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"word": "aczkolwiek"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwiekci"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 22 22 22 6",
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwiekciem"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphasis particle"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-particle-ufABvv~X",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) emphasis particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nawet"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"limiting particle"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-particle-fJmUYzPX",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) limiting particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przynajmniej"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative particle"
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-particle-phjt4Xro",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) imperative particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niech"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"imperative",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 340a:",
"text": "Queis, ablativus, Acz.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
17
]
],
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 149b:",
"text": "Caeteroquin – Acz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-acz-pl-particle-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂ"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Old Polish conjunctions",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish particles",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*ače",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with collocations",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "if anywhere",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "acz niegdzie",
"translation": "if anywhere",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "if true",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "acz zaprawdę",
"translation": "if true",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie^(transliteration, transcription), Krakow, page 14b:",
"text": "Acz my... chemi otrzymacz sbauene..., ny przes kogo gynszego ne mamy otrzymacz tego, gedno pres dar ducha svøtego",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
5
],
[
10,
13
],
[
35,
38
]
],
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1397], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume II, number 564, Pyzdry; Gniezno; Kościan:",
"text": "Swaczimi, acz sø kthore rani dani Maczeyewi a Yanowi, to se stalo za gich poczøthkem",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
33
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 138, 7, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Kamo od oblycza twego vczekø? Acz wstøpø na nebo, ty tamo ges; acz wstøpø do pekla, tu ty ges (si ascendero in coelum, tu illic es; si descendero in infernum, ades)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 364:",
"text": "Gego brath, acz od gednego oczczą, ma wzancz gego gymyenye po gego smyerczy",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzec, Warsaw, page 492:",
"text": "Acz negdze sicubi",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 88, 30, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Acz zaprawdø sinowe iego ostali sø zacona mego..., nawedzø w metle lychoti gich (si autem dereliquerint..., visitabo in virga iniquitates eorum)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introducing a real conditional; if"
],
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Masovia) introducing a real conditional; if"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 26, 5, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Acz (si) vstawø przeciwo mne grodi, ne bødze se bacz serce moie",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
55
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. post.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page XLV:",
"text": "Wyeza dokonana a myesszek wyproznyony czyny czleka, acz (sed) nyerichlo, ale barzo mąndrego",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at least"
],
"links": [
[
"at least",
"at least"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) at least"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
],
[
32,
35
],
[
62,
65
],
[
76,
79
],
[
86,
89
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 7, 3–4, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Bosze moy, acz iesm vczinil to, acz iest lichota w moiu røku, acz iesm se wraczal odplaczaiøczim mne zla, doostoyno iest, bich spadl od mogich neprzy[a]czol prosznich (si feci istud, si est iniquitas in manibus meis, si reddidi retribuentibus mihi mala, decidam merito ab inimicis meis inanis)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"because"
],
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) because"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
],
[
21,
24
],
[
37,
40
],
[
52,
55
],
[
78,
81
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VII, page 561:",
"text": "Movyą acz... Myenyly acz... Przysagą acz... Pyssaly acz... Wysznaly szye ktho acz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
4
],
[
21,
24
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 18, 30:",
"text": "Racz my otpuszczycz, acz prosyø czyebye (ne quaeso... indigneris, domine, si loquar)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introduces an object clause; that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in) introduces an object clause; that"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
45
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 6:",
"text": "Nye ma ganyebnee any dzywne mnymano bicz, acz podlug myenyenya czassow obiczage a dzege lyvczke szą odmyenyayø (non debet reprehensibile nec mirum iudicari, si secundum temporum varietatem consuetudines et statuta humana varientur)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"introduces a subject clause; that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) introduces a subject clause; that"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 43r:",
"text": "Dummodo alsz lang yesth thak acz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Old Polish conjunctions",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish particles",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "acz jedno"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "acz nic ale"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczci"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczciby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkakole"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkole"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkoli"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkoliby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkolić"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczkolwie"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczle"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczli"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczliby"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "aczżeż"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "jedno acz"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions",
"word": "le acz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "acz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*ače",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *ače. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
48
],
[
79,
82
],
[
94,
97
]
],
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 381:",
"text": "Kako wyele maya bycz przyszasznykow na nyem: acz gych mnyey nye moze bicz albo acz gych nye wyaczey trzebą kv wszelkyey rzeczy?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
40
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 88, 35, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Iednøø przisøgl iesm w swøtem moiem: acz Dawidem selszø?",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
43
]
],
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 79:",
"text": "Przyszla... vmarlego zona... y pythala, acz ona nye gest blysza kv dokazanyv",
"translation": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
63
]
],
"ref": "1872 [1402], Konstanty Małkowski, editor, Przegląd najdawniejszych pomników języka polskiego, page 119:",
"text": "Ya *chiczi thu otpoveczecz podle *møch listow papeskych, aczesz mi thi *moczon sandczicz o me prawo pape[s]ke",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/at͡ʃʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish conjunctions",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:acz",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"acz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"acz"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"although, albeit"
],
"links": [
[
"although",
"although"
],
[
"albeit",
"albeit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) although, albeit"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aczkolwiek"
},
{
"word": "chociaż"
},
{
"word": "choć"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"links": [
[
"if",
"if"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) if"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jeśli"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"because"
],
"links": [
[
"because",
"because"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) because"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ponieważ"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"or, either … or"
],
"links": [
[
"or",
"or"
],
[
"either … or",
"either … or"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) or, either … or"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "albo"
},
{
"word": "bądź"
},
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"and so"
],
"links": [
[
"so",
"so"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) and so"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a więc"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂ"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish conjunctions",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡ʂ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:acz",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Slavic *če\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *ače\nOld Polish acz\nPolish acz\nInherited from Old Polish acz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"acz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"acz"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczci"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczej"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolek"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aczkoli"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwie"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"word": "aczkolwiek"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwiekci"
},
{
"sense": "conjunctions/particles",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "aczkolwiekciem"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"emphasis particle"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) emphasis particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nawet"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"limiting particle"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) limiting particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przynajmniej"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"imperative particle"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) imperative particle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niech"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"imperative",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 340a:",
"text": "Queis, ablativus, Acz.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
17
]
],
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 149b:",
"text": "Caeteroquin – Acz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈat͡ʂ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡ʂ"
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "en:Acheron"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of English Acheron",
"name": "clip"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of English Acheron with z as a placeholder.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "acz",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Acheron terms"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-3",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual clippings",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms derived from English",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Acheron."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Acheron."
]
}
],
"word": "acz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for acz meaning in All languages combined (23.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"acz"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "acz",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"acz"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "acz",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.